KLASA NIZA U C ++

Uvođenje klase Array iz C ++ 11 ponudilo je bolju alternativu za nizove C-stila. Prednosti klase nizova u odnosu na nizu C-stila su:-

Razredi nizova znaju vlastitu veličinu, dok nizovi u stilu C nedostaje ovo svojstvo. Dakle, prilikom prelaska na funkcije ne trebamo proći veličinu polja kao zasebnog parametra.
S nizom u stilu C postoji veći rizik niz se raspada u pokazivač . Razredi nizova ne propadaju u pokazivače
Klase nizova općenito su učinkovitije svjetlosne i pouzdane od nizova u stilu C.

Operacije na nizu :-
1. na () :- Ova se funkcija koristi za pristup elementima niza.
2. Get () :- Ova se funkcija također koristi za pristup elementima niza. Ova funkcija nije član klase Array, već preopterećena funkcija iz klase.
3. Operator [] :- To je slično nizovima u stilu C. Ova se metoda također koristi za pristup elementima niza.

CPP

// C++ code to demonstrate working of array // at() and get() #include   #include   // for array at() #include // for get() using namespace std; int main() {  // Initializing the array elements  array<int6> ar = {1 2 3 4 5 6};  // Printing array elements using at()  cout << 'The array elements are (using at()) : ';  for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar.at(i) << ' ';  cout << endl;  // Printing array elements using get()  cout << 'The array elements are (using get()) : ';  cout << get<0>(ar) << ' ' << get<1>(ar) << ' ';  cout << get<2>(ar) << ' ' << get<3>(ar) << ' ';  cout << get<4>(ar) << ' ' << get<5>(ar) << ' ';  cout << endl;  // Printing array elements using operator[]  cout << 'The array elements are (using operator[]) : ';  for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar[i] << ' ';  cout << endl;  return 0; }

Izlaz

The array elements are (using at()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 The array elements are (using get()) : 1 2 3 4 5 6 The array elements are (using operator[]) : 1 2 3 4 5 6

4. Front () :- ovo vraća referencu na prvi element niza.
5. leđa () :- ovo vraća referencu na posljednji element niza.

CPP

// C++ code to demonstrate working of // front() and back() #include   #include   // including header file to use stl array and there function  using namespace std; int main() {  // Initializing the array elements  array<int6> ar = {1 2 3 4 5 6};  // Printing first element of array  cout << 'First element of array is : ';  int &a=ar.front();  cout <<a<< endl;  // Printing last element of array  cout << 'Last element of array is : ';  int &b=ar.back();  cout << b << endl;    //change first and last element of array using these references  a=10; //now 1 change to 10  b=60; //now 6 change to 60    //lets print array now   cout<<'array after updating first and last element n';  for (auto x: ar)  {  cout<<x<<' ';  }  cout<<endl;    return 0; }

Izlaz

First element of array is : 1 Last element of array is : 6 array after updating first and last element 10 2 3 4 5 60

6. Veličina () :- Vraća broj elemenata u nizu. Ovo je svojstvo koje nedostaje nizova u C-stilu.
7. Max_size () :- Vraća maksimalni broj elemenata koji se može zadržati, tj. Veličina s kojom se proglašava niz. Veličina () i max_size () vraćaju istu vrijednost.

CPP

// C++ code to demonstrate working of // size() and max_size() #include   #include   // for size() and max_size() using namespace std; int main() {  // Initializing the array elements  array<int6> ar = {1 2 3 4 5 6};  // Printing number of array elements  cout << 'The number of array elements is : ';  cout << ar.size() << endl;  // Printing maximum elements array can hold  cout << 'Maximum elements array can hold is : ';  cout << ar.max_size() << endl;  return 0; }

Izlaz

The number of array elements is : 6 Maximum elements array can hold is : 6

8. SWAP () :- Swap () zamjenjuje sve elemente jednog niza s drugim.

CPP

// C++ code to demonstrate working of swap() #include   #include   // for swap() and array using namespace std; int main() {  // Initializing 1st array  array<int6> ar = {1 2 3 4 5 6};  // Initializing 2nd array  array<int6> ar1 = {7 8 9 10 11 12};  // Printing 1st and 2nd array before swapping  cout << 'The first array elements before swapping are : ';  for (int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar[i] << ' ';  cout << endl;  cout << 'The second array elements before swapping are : ';  for (int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar1[i] << ' ';  cout << endl;  // Swapping ar1 values with ar  ar.swap(ar1);  // Printing 1st and 2nd array after swapping  cout << 'The first array elements after swapping are : ';  for (int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar[i] << ' ';  cout << endl;  cout << 'The second array elements after swapping are : ';  for (int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar1[i] << ' ';  cout << endl;  return 0; }

Izlaz

The first array elements before swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6 The second array elements before swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12 The first array elements after swapping are : 7 8 9 10 11 12 The second array elements after swapping are : 1 2 3 4 5 6

9. prazno () :- Ova funkcija vraća istinito kada je veličina niza nula, a drugo vraća lažno.
10. Fill () :- Ova se funkcija koristi za popunjavanje cijelog niza određenom vrijednošću.

CPP

// C++ code to demonstrate working of empty() // and fill() #include   #include   // for fill() and empty() using namespace std; int main() {  // Declaring 1st array  array<int6> ar;  // Declaring 2nd array  array<int0> ar1;  // Checking size of array if it is empty  ar1.empty()? cout << 'Array empty':  cout << 'Array not empty';  cout << endl;  // Filling array with 0  ar.fill(0);  // Displaying array after filling  cout << 'Array after filling operation is : ';  for ( int i=0; i<6; i++)  cout << ar[i] << ' ';  return 0; }

Izlaz

Array empty Array after filling operation is : 0 0 0 0 0 0

TechCodeview

Klasa niza u C ++